Las lideresas han cargado con el horror de la guerra. En medio del dolor construyen sus vidas y educan a sus hijos, mientras defienden territorios para la paz
Carolina Tejada Sánchez
@carolltejada
En el año de 1870, Julia Ward Howe escribió la Proclama del Día de las Madres, un llamamiento en un momento de guerra, en donde las madres sufrían la pérdida de sus hijos. A las mujeres del mundo las alentaba a unirse por la paz y el desarme. Julia, también impulsó la creación de un día dedicado a la mujer y la maternidad: el Día de la Madre, como un símbolo mundial de la unión y la paz. Pero fue gracias al impulso de Anna Jarvis, que en 1914 se definiera oficialmente el Día de la Madre en el mes de mayo.
“¡Levántense, mujeres de hoy! ¡Levántense todas las que tienen corazones, sin importar que su bautismo haya sido de agua o lágrimas! … No se llevarán a nuestros hijos para que desaprendan todo lo que hemos podido enseñarles acerca de la caridad… Desde el seno de una tierra devastada, una voz se alza con la nuestra y dice ¡Desarma! ¡Desarma!”. Este fragmento de la proclama pone en contexto, el papel de las madres y la defensa de la vida en medio de la guerra.
En nuestro país, el día de la madre también se conmemora en mayo. Y como en aquellas épocas, en Colombia el despojo y la violencia, han dejado un duelo, en donde las madres han sido las principales víctimas. Ellas están ahí, en los territorios más apartados y olvidados por el Estado, llevando en su cuerpo las cicatrices de un conflicto que no eligieron, de una guerra en la que no les permitieron decidir entregar a sus hijos, esposos o hermanos.
Sin embargo, han sido ellas, a quienes, en medio del dolor, les ha tocado reconstruir sus vidas, aún con el miedo en la piel y el fantasma de un pasado que no olvidan. En medio de esa realidad, se encuentran cientos de madres de líderes sociales y también madres lideresas que distribuyen su tiempo entre educar a sus hijos y ser promotoras de paz.
Relatos de vida
“Mi hija ha sido una verraca, desde pequeña le ha tocado lucharla y es un orgullo porque ha ayudado mucha gente. Lo que ella ha hecho, lo que hace, me hace sentir orgullosa”, relata en medio de un diálogo para VOZ, Alcira Salcedo, una mujer víctima de desplazamiento forzado, oriunda de Chaparral, Tolima, y madre de Maydany Salcedo, una de las lideresas sociales más destacadas de Piamonte, Cauca y quien hoy coordina la restitución de cultivos de uso ilícito en su territorio. A través de estas voces queremos resaltar la labor de las madres en el país.
Doña Alcira, orgullosa de la hija que vio crecer, recuerda con una voz entrecortada por la intensidad de sus historias, que su hija, la gordita bonita que a los tres años se le perdía entre las vacas mientras las ordeñaban, la han amenazado por la labor social que adelanta. Como madre siente temor, aunque siempre saca valor para acompañarla a donde vaya. “A mí me ven sonriendo, pero nadie sabe mi dolor. Porque ella me oculta muchas cosas para que yo no sufra, pero lo sé por boca de los demás. El dolor de madre es duro, a mí no me da miedo que ella sea lideresa por mí, me da miedo que sea lideresa y que un día no la vuelva a ver”, relata Alcira.
Maydany, con una sonrisa nerviosa y cómplice de los relatos de su madre, recuerda que se vinculó al movimiento social luego de ser desplazada en el año 2000, de San Vicente del Caguán. Ella hacía parte de un círculo de lectores con los que hacían talleres de derechos humanos para niños. Se tuvo que desplazar a Neiva y, luego en Algeciras, ayudó a la constitución de una asociación filial a la Federación Nacional Agropecuaria, Fensuagro: “Yo inicié mis primeros pasos ahí y conocí a Heberto Díaz cuando era presidente de la federación. Ahí empezó mi escuela. Lo que soy como lideresa se lo debo a Heberto, a Aidé Moreno y a Nury Martínez de Fensuagro”, comenta.
Entre risas y penas
Doña Alcira cuenta de manera anecdótica y con una sonrisa en su rostro, que un día su hija se la llevó a un paro en Neiva: “Ella siempre me ha tenido a su lado, nunca se ha avergonzado de mí y me lleva a donde va. Yo recuerdo mucho ese paro, que también fue por la lucha de ella. Lo recuerdo porque a mí también se me estaba metiendo en la cabeza lo que la gente gritaba y también gritaba lo que decían. Luego llegué a mi casa y me puse a reírme y dije: “señor, ¿yo qué estaba haciendo?”. Se refería a una movilización de un 9 de abril, en conmemoración de la muerte de Gaitán y del Día de las Víctimas de Crímenes de Estado.
Alcira y Maydany viven en este momento en el Piamonte, Cauca, allí se acompañan las dos, madre e hija. Maydany tiene dos niños y en medio de las múltiples dificultades a causa del conflicto, resuelve con entereza la labor de ser madre, hija y lideresa ambiental y social.
Para ella, hay momentos de alegrías, pero hay otros en los que, producto de la injusticia, sufre pero no se amilana, sino que se fortalece para seguir. Maydany recuerda que, por su labor, han estigmatizado a su mamá: “Desde que mi mamá llegó a Piamonte, Cauca vendía tamales en la calle, y de eso me siento orgullosa, pero surgieron los comentarios de que no había que comprarle tamales porque ella iba a envenenar a la gente, porque era la madre de la dirigente de DD.HH. Eso me dolió, y pobremente he tratado de que no vuelva a la calle. Yo sé que mi familia tiene riesgo por el hecho de yo ser defensora de los DD.HH.”, relata con nostalgia.
A pesar de esos encuentros penosos en su vida, las dos coinciden en decir que la relación madre e hija es más grande que el conflicto que las rodea. Por el contrario, las dos se apoyan en sus labores cotidianas: “Yo cuento con mi mamá y mi familia para las actividades sociales. Ella, por sus conocimientos con la comida y su trabajito, es la que nos ayuda con los alimentos para las actividades y los paros. Mi madre ya sabe que hay que luchar por los derechos y que lo que yo hago, lo hago con amor a la causa, al medio ambiente y por la gente. Aunque esto de trabajar por honores y causa es muy difícil, pero es bonito para los sentimientos personales de nosotros”.
A las madres lideresas sociales
“Yo amo a mi hija, aunque no me gustaría que un día ella me faltara. Mi mensaje es de ánimo, que luchen, aunque una como madre sufre por todo lo que está pasando”, dice con sentimiento doña Alcira al recordar la valentía de su hija y el temor de vivir en un país que no respeta sus derechos.
Por su parte, Maydany, con su profundo sentimiento humano, alienta a las mujeres: “No desistan de servir al pueblo y de sentir el dolor ajeno. Nuestras familias son muy importantes y hay que formarlas también y compartir nuestras experiencias con ellas, porque pueden ser nuestro piloto para seguir trabajando por los derechos de quienes no los tenemos. Hay que luchar como mujeres, que el día que nos entierren nuestros familiares se sientan orgullosos de lo que fuimos. Yo llamo a las familias a que nos apoyen, somos mujeres, madres y dirigentes que queremos transformar un territorio en paz y con justicia social”.
Colombia le debe a ese gran cúmulo de madres un reconocimiento al valor, a la labor de constructoras y al papel que, a pesar de las largas noches de la guerra, muchas vienen jugando para reconstruir la vida y el tejido social en sus territorios. En este mes de las madres, VOZ quiere rendir un homenaje a esas madres lideresas sociales que han despertado la esperanza y que han vuelto a revivir la posibilidad de creer, de sembrar y de brillar en medio de la oscuridad.
[…] El valor de ser madre […]
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